Phichit, meaning "beautiful," is a historically significant city in Thailand, notable for its picturesque landscapes and important cultural heritage. Founded in 1058 by Prince Kanchanakumarn on the banks of the Nan River, Phichit has been known by several names, including "Sra Luang," "Ogha Buri," "Chai Bowon," and "Pak Yom." The province is located in a fertile floodplain in the lower northern region, benefiting from nutrient-rich soil that supports agriculture and abundant fish populations.

Phichit is historically linked to the Ayutthaya Kingdom as the birthplace of King Suriyenthrathibodi (King Tiger), the eighth king of Ayutthaya. Additionally, Phichit produced the esteemed scholar Phra Horathibodi, father of the famous poet Sri Prachan. During the reign of King Trailokkanat in Ayutthaya, Phichit was a strategically important "third-class" city, serving military and administrative functions. In the early Rattanakosin period, Phichit became the setting for the royal literary work “Krai Thong,” based on the city’s famed waterways and crocodile populations.

In 1892, under the administrative reforms by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab, Phichit was incorporated into the newly formed Phitsanulok Monthon (regional administration), marking the beginning of its modern governance structure. Today, Phichit remains an agricultural hub known for its scenic rivers and historical charm.